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沪粤版八年级教材特点总体分析

作者:沪粤版编写组  人气: 2601 次  时间:2007年08月02日  星级:

一、教材体例
粤教沪科版8年级教材分上、下两册,教材按章、节编写,各节根据内容需要,有选择地设有以下栏目:
·科学探究 本套教材将它定位为比较完整的科学探究活动,在教材内以小标题或节标题(黑体字)出现。一般具有七个探究要素(也就是大家都十分熟悉的提出问题、猜想与假设、制定计划与设计实验、进行实验与收集证据、分析与论证、评估、交流与合作)。在8年级上、下两册书中一共安排了12个完整的科学探究。
·活动 主要指涉及科学探究的部分环节和过程的学生活动。例如:提出问题、猜想、观察、实验、记录、数据处理、作出结论、讨论交流、评估等。(该栏目是这套教材的一大特色,因为几乎所有上过新教材的老师都发现:要学生完成一个完整的科学探究需要一段相当长的时间,而总的课时量又是有限的,再说也并不是所有的知识都必须通过探究的方式去获得,这既没有必要,也不可能!还很容易形成“新八股”。为此,在这套教材中特意安排了侧重科学探究的部分环节的探究活动栏目,这样既节约了探究的时间,又达到了探究的目的。)
·STS 包括物理、技术和社会之间的相互影响和相互作用(分正面效应和负面效应),力求反映高新科技和可持续发展方面的内容。
·信息链接 包括解答疑难,主要是拓宽知识面。
·信息浏览 包括预备知识、必要的过渡性内容、扩展性内容、科学史中的事实、科技小故事、必备资料、参考书目、网址等。
·自我评价与作业 包括学生对自己所掌握知识的多少、探究过程的参与情况、情感态度和价值观的发展等方面的评价。
·课外活动 包括学生课外小实验、小制作、小发明、小创造、小论文、查阅图书资料、社会调查、上网查询等等。
二、教材主要特点
1、把科学探究作为学习的目标和内容
...........

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