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【全国百强校】福建省厦门一中八年级物理下册科学探究报告--阿基米德原理

作者:厦门一中  人气: 2469 次  时间:2014年10月23日  星级:

一、什么是浮力
提出问题:液体和气体对浸在其中的物体有力的作用吗? 若有,如何知道这个力的大小?
进行实验与收集证据:
演示:将充足气的气球放在托盘天平上,使天平平衡;然后再将气球扎破,再放到天平上测量,观察发生的现象;
学生实验:用弹簧测力计分别测出一个物体(三个钩码装入小盒中)在空气中重力G和在水中时的示数F示,观察弹簧测力计示数的变化,并用手感受托力的存在。
分析论证:液体和气体对浸在其中的物体有 力,物理学中把这个力叫 。它的表达式是 。
二、浮力的大小与哪些因素有关
提出问题:浮力的大小究竟和哪些因素有关?请同学们根据生活经验大胆猜想。
猜想与假设:浮力的大小可能与 有关。
制定计划与设计实验:
器材:鸡蛋、盐、圆柱形塑料盒、钩码、水、烧杯、弹簧测力计
思考:要验证浮力的大小与某一因素的关系,应如何设计实验?
进行实验与收集证据:
①演示:把鸡蛋放入清水中,然后不断加盐,改变水的密度,观察发生的现象;
观察到的现象:随着不断加盐,水的密度 ,鸡蛋
可见,浮力的大小与 。
.........

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